Melasma are caused by skin cells producing more pigment or melanin than normal, causing blemishes to appear. Originally the process Pigmentation is created from melanocyte skin cells body. In this type of cell will have many substances as components. One of them is the enzyme tyrosinase. This type of enzyme has the ability to change substances in skin cells into pigment.
But due to certain causes and factors, it may stimulate more pigment to be created, causing freckles. The severity of the pigmentation may occur at many levels. From dark brown to gray skin. For this reason, one of the effective treatments for melasma must be the use of substances. That inhibit the tyrosinase enzyme that is in the mechanism of melanin production UFABET
Even though doctors and scientists are currently unable to determine the exact cause of melasma. But it is known that there are many factors that may increase the production of abnormally large amounts of melanin. Such as:
- Sunlight and UV rays because they cause melanocyte skin cells to malfunction. This may result in an increased amount of tyrosinase enzyme as well. The locations where blemishes occur are usually areas that are exposed to the sun, such as the cheekbones, above the lips, forehead, or chin.
- Age and gender: Melasma usually begins to appear in people between the ages of 30 and 40, and occurs more often in women than in men.
- Skin color: Dark-skinned people are more at risk of developing blemishes than white people.
- Conditions related to hormones such as thyroid disease, estrogen and progesterone in the body and the use of various forms of hormones such as oral contraceptives, pregnancy, hormone therapy.